Gut Microbiota Linked to Immunotherapy Efficacy in Advanced Melanoma
Researchers at MD Anderson have discovered a link between gut microbiota and the effectiveness of combined immunotherapy in advanced melanoma patients. The study, supported by the Melanoma Moon Shot®, revealed specific bacterial signatures associated with both high-grade adverse events and positive responses to treatment.
The study found an increased abundance of Bacteroides intestinalis in patients who experienced toxicity, leading to higher levels of mucosal IL-1β and associated inflammation. Meanwhile, responders showed a higher density of CD8+ T cells and a higher tumor mutational burden (TMB).
Parabacteroides distansonis was identified as a key bacterium associated with treatment response in both patient cohorts and preclinical models. Non-responders, however, had a higher level of copy number loss, primarily affecting chromosomes 5, 10, and 15.
Inhibiting IL-1R with an approved rheumatoid arthritis drug reduced intestinal inflammation in preclinical models without compromising treatment efficacy. Patients who experienced severe adverse events also displayed a more diverse T cell repertoire and a more naïve T cell phenotype in their systemic circulation.
The findings suggest that specific gut microbiota signatures could serve as biomarkers for toxicity and response to combined CTLA-4 and PD-1 blockade treatment. Further studies in larger cohorts are needed to validate these biomarkers and investigate IL-1R inhibition as a potential therapeutic target for inflammation. No specific research team was identified for the German query regarding 'Darminnenspannungsbakterium' signatures and high-grade adverse events under combined CTLA-4 and PD-1 blockade.
Read also:
- Medical professional advocates for increased action to address deficiency of primary care physicians
- Treating hypertension can potentially add a decade to a person's life span.
- Unveiled Accounts of Female Scientists Whose Genius Remained Unnoticed
- Yucatan Health Official Accused of Extortion, Business Groups Demand Justice
