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The National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) has published a new textbook for the academic year 2025-26, titled "Exploring Society and Beyond." This comprehensive volume combines history, geography, economics, and civics to provide students with a well-rounded understanding of society and the world.
The textbook is structured into eight chapters, each focusing on a specific aspect of social science.
Chapter 1: Natural Resources and Their Use delves into the importance of resources for development and the need for sustainable development and resource conservation.
Chapter 2: Reshaping India's Political Map explores how India's political boundaries have changed over time.
Chapter 3: The Rise of the Marathas analyzes the origins, military strategies, and socio-political significance of the Maratha Empire, detailing their rise to power in 18th-century India. A new chapter on the "Rise of the Marathas" has been added, focusing on the legacy of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj and the Maratha Empire.
Chapter 4: The Colonial Era in India covers the beginning of British colonial rule, its impact on Indian society and economy, and the gradual political control gained by the British East India Company.
Chapter 5: Universal Franchise and India's Electoral System explains the concept of universal adult franchise and the functioning of India's electoral system, detailing the process by which citizens elect their representatives.
Chapter 6: The Parliamentary System - Legislature and Executive details the structure and functions of India's parliamentary system of government, explaining the roles of the Legislature (Parliament) and the Executive (Council of Ministers).
Chapter 7: Factors of Production introduces the fundamental concepts of economics, focusing on the four factors of production: land, labor, capital, and entrepreneurship.
Chapter 8: A Note on Some Darker Periods in History advises students to view history objectively, without blaming present-day individuals for past events. The revised history curriculum in the textbook reframes the Delhi Sultanate and Mughal periods as history's darker period.
NCERT books are renowned for breaking down complex topics into clear, digestible sections with illustrations, diagrams, and real-life examples. They are also written by subject matter experts in a simple, easy-to-understand language. The authors of the NCERT Class 8 Social Science textbook "Exploring Society: India and Beyond" for the academic year 2025-26 are Surbhi Mittal and K. L. Chugh.
Published by a government body, NCERT books are a highly reliable and authentic source of information. The textbook aligns with the latest syllabus for the academic year 2025-26 as per the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020.
In addition, the textbook provides chapter-wise PDF downloads for students to conveniently access the required academic material. A significant number of questions in CBSE board exams are directly sourced from these books' content and exercises.
Lastly, NCERT has introduced the new NEP 2020 competency-based curriculum, which is a six-week bridge program for students entering Class 8. This program aims to ensure a smooth transition for students as they progress through their educational journey.
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